Ubulungisa, mfundisi

Kwi-Emntla Rhine-Westphalia, lula inkonzo wenziwe abolished

jonga I-matyala igosa ingaba inkonzo - okanye umthamo kuba amagosa enkqubo elula zenkonzo nolawulo lwezobulungisa ye-länder ye-Federal Republic of Germany, ngaphandle Hesse kwaye Thuringia, apho i-matyala igosa belonging ukuya Phakathi inkonzoEzine career amaqela: nokuqheleka, phakathi, phezulu kwaye inkonzo yabalawuli ukusukela. Ukuquka elitsha ucategory ezimbini ezikhoyo uyasebenza ingoma ka-oluphezulu kuphakanyiswe inkonzo iqela elinye lula kwaye medium inkonzo. Ngaphakathi udidi kubalulekile kuxhomekeke noqeqesho e ezahlukeneyo ii-ofisi. omnye-matyala igosa kwi-iinkundla abatshutshisi kwaye amagosa enkqubo elula nkonzo, okanye nayo nayiphi na kwezi imisebenzi, abasebenzi. Amagosa kwiinkundla jonga mfundisi inkonzo, entolongweni inkonzo imikhosi kweli lizwe kwaye empowered, nokusebenzisa igunya loluntu kwi-sikhokelo somgaqo-ekhoyo nemithetho nemiqathango exert ngqo umkhosi. Kubo kwesicwangciso sovereignty ngu transferred ukuba isemthethweni imisebenzi ngaphakathi ezomthetho. Nangona kunjalo ube kanjalo transferred ukuba eminye imisebenzi ezinye career amaqela. Iinkcukacha ingaba regulated kwi-zahlukeneyo ezomthetho iindlela lizwe wakes phezulu idla yamkelwa njengoko ukuphumeza imimiselo ye-ministries lobulungisa ka-amazwe. Yakho imisebenzi kuza kuquka iseshoni, ntetho, ukhuseleko, ukuze inkonzo.

Kweyekhala yowama- kwi-u-career amaqela re-umbutho

Ngoko ke, abazange baphile Amabanjwa ukuze idinga kwaye iintlanganiso kunye inkundla kwaye balinde wena.

Kuba yinxalenye (non-Federal) ukuba ungeniso ulawulo.

Ingakumbi, ukunyanzeliswa uxolo nocwangco ngendlela ngu phezulu kuwe inkundla kwaye urhulumente lamagqwetha ke shaft izakhiwo, abakhe explorer isithethi (kumiselweyo kumgaqo-administrative ukunyanzeliswa kwemithetho kunye imigaqo esemthethweni ye-amazwe) ilawula ixesha elininzi kunye kwi umyalelo we superiors.

I-legality yesicelo ngqo coercion, fetters ka umthetho, ngokuthi kuthethwa ka-elula yesitalato udushe okanye nge-ukusetyenziswa ngesandla okanye umsesane sibonisa imithetho ngasentla-kukhankanywe imithetho. Oku isicelo ngqo coercion ye-matyala igosa lufana abo amapolisa. Igunya kuba sebenzisa ngqo compulsion ivakalisa kuphela zahlukeneyo inkonzo building kwaye enxulumene umphandle indawo. Okukodwa ukuba lento ukumiselwa"ukuqhankqalaza imiyalelo"(ii-odolo wenkundla ngokuchasene inkundla imihla abanalo ukuba ipapashwe ngamangqina kwiindawo zasekuhlaleni iingxoxo). Apho ingaba ebalulekileyo yi amapolisa amagosa ukuba ekwenzeni iinkqubo (warrants, screenings kwi-mthetho iingxoxo). Kwi - I-matyala igosa kanjalo kuba ukunikwa amaxwebhu, ngokunjalo i-oral Zonke inkonzo communications, sinoxanduva. Kwezinye States, abachopheli-igosa ka-irritant yokutshiza (a ulote ngathi. phezulu yokutshiza) okanye baton (EKA - sebenzisa stock Emfutshane-Extendable) okanye efanayo ukuba amapolisa kunye Tonga equipped, umzekelo, Hanseatic isixeko Bremen. Ukongeza, i-ngu phezulu kuwe, ikakhulu igalelo kwaye imveliso ulawulo, ngokunjalo: ezothutho circulation naziphi na kuyimfuneko duplication.

Kanjalo unako kuba zolawulo iifayile, zokugcina, kwaye singling ngaphandle kwaye intshabalalo iifayile transferred.

Kujike, besenza kakhulu imisebenzi efanayo, ukusukela, kuba iindleko izizathu, eyona esemthethweni indlu mfundisi (hayi Federal iyunithi, baba) egciniweyo. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile lanyanzelisa kwi-yobhi advertisements iqhele a igqityiwe craft uqeqesho. Kwamanye amazwe, ulawulo kufuneka ibe koyisa lisebe lobulungisa ye kuba inkundla ezithile zilondolozwe zesintu, ezaye seized yi-mandla. Ukongeza, abaninzi abatshutshisi ii-ofisi ngokubanzi, Exhibits ingaba ukugcinwa kwaye kanjalo, kuqukwa, lobulungisa mfundisi ulawulo ingaba elawulwayo. Ngaphaya koko, bamele kanjalo kusetyenziswa njengoko inkampani car abaqhubi umfanekiso, imoto isondlo luxanduva lomntu. Uqeqesho lootitshala i-matyala igosa luxanduva amazwe sovereignty kwaye siqinisekise ukuba ayikho ngenxa yesi sizathu, nationwide. Kuyo yonke indawo no ixesha eliqhubekekayo uqeqesho lootitshala ilawulwa ngumthetho, kubalulekile ezintandathu. Oko kuquka zombini theoretical ngokunjalo isebenziseke uqeqesho umxholo. Kuxhomekeke kweli lizwe, theoretical uqeqesho ngu imparted noba ukuba iinkundla kwaye abatshutshisi ii-ofisi okanye namaziko emfundo kwiinkundla. Le thebhule ilandelayo inika Amavandlakanya Kwi-elula inkonzo, hayi career uvavanyo ngomatshini, endaweni yoko, nako kwenzeka a fixed indawo ngumthetho intloko yoqeqesho.

Kwi-Baden-Württemberg, nako ukwenza lento Ngumongameli le linalo igunya ephakamileyo jonga inkundla made ku ingxelo ye-imfundo inkonzo kwaye ezintathu ukubhalwa Umsebenzi, umgqatswa ibangela kulo uqeqesho, oriented.

I-qualification ayikho awarded, ukulungiselelwa kukuba ukwandisa inkonzo (a ubukhulu lonyaka omnye), imixholo kakuhle zimiselwe. Ukuba ufuna kuquka inkonzo impahla kwaye uniforms, ngokunjalo izixhobo kuba isicelo ngqo coercion, kanjalo apha kwi-Germany, ingakumbi iimpahla, kodwa heterogeneous umboniso. Amanye amazwe anike nezibonelelo esilungiselelwe ukuthenga inkonzo impahla, ngexesha kwamanye amazwe i-Constable ukufumana yakhe Efanayo ukususela inkonzo abantu.

Kwitheyibhile ngezantsi, neeyantlukwano ingaba examined kwi-inkcukacha.

Jikelele, amagosa enkqubo elula inkonzo kusenokuba summarized kwi-ezomthetho njengokuba Constable. Jikelele, aphumelele a -nyanga yokucwangcisa inkonzo njengoko a"Ubulungisa ephezulu wakes phezulu idla contender". Kunye Acquisition kwi-esemthethweni budlelwane kwi isampuli, yena ke ufumana inkonzo igama"Ubulungisa, Sergeant z. E."(ukuqeshwa) Oku isampulu ulwalamano uza kuthatha ubuncinane ngonyaka kunye necala kwaye kwagqitywa kunye appointing ye-amagosa, kwaye ngomhla Reaching kweminyaka umda kunye Acquisition kwi-zasekuhlaleni isicaka kunye ubomi umhlaba. Ngoku kuye phambili i-amagosa aya kuthwala iwonga Lobulungisa, intloko oyintloko (ibakala V). Ngaphezulu izithuba wenkundla yezomgaqo-siseko engundoqo mfundisi, kwaye kuqala ubulungisa engundoqo constable (amahlanu kwaye) wakes phezulu. Kwesi sithuba, enew phezulu-ofisi, ngokunxulumene A ezisixhenxe (ngaphandle kuba Brandenburg, Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, Thuringia kwaye Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania) ababebizwa ungeniswa kwi-yovavanyo free ukusebenzisa ascent. Umthamo baba ikakhulu (Bayern abachopheli-msebenzi oyintloko Unobhala) lobulungisa, oyintloko Unobhala kwi-administrative inkonzo. Kwi-Bavaria (ubulungisa zokusebenza igqwetha Unobhala) kwaye Hesse (i-matyala Unobhala kwi-administrative service), kwaye nkqu ukuya kwi-I. Ezi Ofisi kusenokuba imigangatho, ngokungqinelana nomgaqo-efanelekileyo Ezothutho inkonzo amaxesha ngala zafunyanwa.

Elona nani liphantsi amabakala A ezintathu kwaye, ezingekhoyo kude ebekwe kwi ubuncinane aqhuba, Emntla Rhine-Westphalia ngokunxulumene ibango.

Julayi, zisibhozo, kwaye kwangoko uqalisa i-matyala igosa ngu abolished kunye kwicandelo elikhethekileyo A. abalithoba ishumi Rhineland-Palatinate, njengoko. Kweyomqungu ngowama, ukukhulisa eliqhelekileyo ka-ibakala ezintathu ukuya kwibakala ezine. Njengoko abalindi ngasesangweni kwi-ofisi ngu-hayi ixesha elide eziboniswe ngoko ke kule imeko ngokunxulumene traffic ukukhanya coalition isivumelwano kuba ngowama, bebakala A ezintathu. Kuba iinkcukacha dbb magazine ukususela kweyomsintsi yowama- -. Ukubona vintage elinanye I-okukodwa ukuba lento ezomthetho, Wake up inkonzo, Schleswig-Holstein. Apha, phezulu ukuya kulo nyaka ngo, onke amagosa enkqubo elula inkonzo baba zibhengezwe kwi-wobulali Entamt A ezintandathu. Oku mhlawumbi ngenxa lowering umhlala-phantsi le-pension e, ngenxa yokuba zonke ezinye ii-Ofisi ye-nkonzo, hayi nkqu Ubuncinane kombane umyinge (icandelo le-ishumi elinesine, Isiqendu.

misela ka-zine, zintathu amagosa pension act, BeamtVG), ingaba khona.